Other outcomes

Research on ERI at work has also been extended to outcomes that are not (or at least not directly) associated with health. Examples include job satisfaction, burnout, and deviant behaviour, e.g.:


Allisey A, Rodwell J, Noblet A: Personality and the effort-reward imbalance model of stress: Individual differences in reward sensitivity. Work & Stress 2012, 26:230-251.

Almadi, Tawfiq; Cathers, Ian; Chow, Chin Moi (2013): Associations among work-related stress, cortisol, inflammation, and metabolic syndrome. In: Psychophysiol 50 (9), S. 821–830. doi: 10.1111/psyp.12069.

Almadi, Tawfiq; Cathers, Ian; Hamdan Mansour, Ayman M.; Chow, Chin Moi (2012): The association between work stress and inflammatory biomarkers in Jordanian male workers. In: Psychophysiol 49 (2), S. 172–177. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2011.01296.x.

Bakker, A., Killmer, C., Siegrist, J. and Schaufeli, W. (2000). Effort-reward imbalance and burnout among nurses. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 31 (4), 884-891.

Bethge, M. and Radoschewski, F. (2010). Physical and psychosocial work stressors, health-related control beliefs and work ability: cross-sectional findings from the German Sociomedical Panel of Employees. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 83, 241-250, doi: 10.1007/s00420-009-0442-5  .

Bethge, M., Radoschewski, F. and Muller-Fahrnow, W. (2009). Work stress and work ability: cross-sectional findings from the German sociomedical panel of employees. Disability and Rehabilitation, 31, 1692-1699, doi: 10.1080/09638280902751949  .

Bridger, R., Dew, A., Brasher, K., Munnoch, K. and Kilminster, S. (2009). Chronic and acute psychological strain in naval personnel. Occupational Medicine, 59, 454-458, doi: 10.1093/occmed/kqp104  .

Buddeberg-Fischer, B., Klaghofer, R., Stamm, M., Siegrist, J. and Buddeberg, C. (2008). Work stress and reduced health in young physicians: prospective evidence from Swiss residents. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 82 (1), 31-38, doi: 10.1007/s00420-008-0303-7  .

Burgel, B. J., White, M. C., Gillen, M. and Krause, N. (2010). Psychosocial work factors and shoulder pain in hotel room cleaners. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 53 (7), 743-756, doi: 10.1002/ajim.20832,  URL dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.20832.

Dai, J., Collins, S., Yu, H. and Fu, H. (2008). Combining Job Stress Models in Predicting Burnout by Hierarchical. Multiple Regressions: A Cross-sectional Investigation in Shanghai. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 50 (7), 785-790.

de Jonge, J., Bosma, H., Peter, R. and Siegrist, J. (2000). Job strain, effort-reward imbalance and employee well-being: a large scale cross-sectional study. Social Science & Medicine, 50, 1317-1327.

D'Errico, A., Punnett, L., Cifuentes, M., Boyer, J. et al. (2007). Hospital injury rates in relation to socioeconomic status and working conditions. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 64, 325-333, doi: 10.1136/oec.2006.027839  .

Devreux, I. C., Al-Awa, B., Mamdouh, K. and Elsayed, E. (2012). Relation of Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders and Over-commitment of Rehabilitation Staff in Saudi Arabia. Life Science Journal, 9, 781-785.

Eijckelhof, Belinda H. W.; Bruno Garza, Jennifer L.; Huysmans, Maaike A.; Blatter, Brigitte M.; Johnson, Peter W.; van Dieën, Jaap H. et al. (2013): The effect of overcommitment and reward on muscle activity, posture, and forces in the arm-wrist-hand region – a field study among computer workers. In: Scand J Work Environ Health 39 (4), S. 379–389.

Feuerhahn, N., Kühnel, J. and Kudielka, B. (2012). Interaction effects-reward imbalance and overcommitment on emotional exhaustion and job performance. International Journal of Stress Management, 19 (2), 105-131, doi: 10.1037/a0028338  .

Freude, G., Jakob, O., Martus, P., Rose, U. and Seibt, R. (2010). Predictors of the discrepancy between calendar and biological age. Occupational Medicine, 60, 21-28, doi: 10.1093/occmed/kqp113  .

Gillen, M., Yen, I., Trupin, L., Swig, L. et al. (2008). The Association of Socioeconomic Status and Psychosocial and Physical Workplace Factors With Musculoskeletal Injury in Hospital Workers. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 50 (4), 245-260, doi: 10.1002/ajim.20429  .

Hasselhorn, H., Tackenberg, P., Peter, R. and NEXT Study Group (2004). Effort-reward imbalance among nurses in stable countries and in countries in transition. International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health, 10, 401-408.

Hintsa, T., Hintsanen, M., Jokela, M., Pulkki-Raback, L. and Keltikangas-Jarvinen, L. (2010). Divergent influence of different type a dimensions on job strain and effort-reward imbalance. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 52, 1-7, doi: 10.1097/JOM.0b013e3181c559ea  .

Hoggan, B. and Dollard, M. (2007). Effort-reward imbalance at work and driving anger in an Australian community sample: Is there a link between work stress and road rage? Accident Analysis and Prevention, 39, 1286-1295, doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2007.03.014  .

Hyvönen, K., Feldt, T., Kinnunen, U. and Tolvanen, A. (2011). Changes in personal work goals in relation to the psychosocial work environment: A two-year follow-up study. Work & Stress, 25 (4), 289-308, doi: 10.1080/02678373.2012.630587,  URL www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02678373.2012.630587.

Inoue, A., Kawakami, N., Ishizaki, M., Shimazu, A. et al. (2010). Organizational justice, psychological distress, and work engagement in Japanese workers. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 83, 29-38, doi: 10.1007/s00420-009-0485-7  .

Klein, J., Frie, K., Blum, K., Siegrist, J. and von dem Knesebeck, O. (2010). Effort-Reward Imbalance, Job Strain and Burnout among Clinicians in Surgery. Psychotherapie, Psychosomatik, medizinische Psychologie, 60 (9), 374-379, doi: 10.1055/s-0029-1246173  .

Kouvonen, A., Kivimäki, M., Cox, S. and Cox, T. (2005). Relationship between work stress and body mass index among 45,810 female and male employees. Psychosomatic Medicine, 67, 577-583.

Kouvonen, A., Kivimäki, M., Virtanen, M., Heponiemi, T. et al. (2006). Effort-reward imbalance at work and the co-occurrence of lifestyle risk factors: cross-sectional survey in a sample of 36,127 public sector employees. BMC Public Health, 6, 24.

Krause, N., Burgel, B. and Rempel, D. (2010). Effort-reward imbalance and one-year change in neck-shoulder and upper extremity pain among call center computer operators. Scandinavian Journal of Work Environment & Health, 36, 42-53.

László, K. and Koop, M. (2009). Effort-Reward Imbalance and Overcommitment at Work are Associated With Painful Menstruation: Results From the Hungarostudy Epidemiological Panel 2006. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 51 (2), 157-163, doi: 10.1097/JOM.0b013e318197ca89  .

Lee, M., Paek, D., Eum, K., Siegrist, J. et al. (2009a). Paternal work stress and prolonged time to pregnancy. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 82 (2), 209-216.

Lee, T., Lin, J., Yen, C., Loh, C. et al. (2009b). Extrinsic high-effort and low-reward conditions at work among institutional staff caring for people with intellectual disabilities in Taiwan. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 30, 284-293, doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2008.04.006.

Shang L, Li J, Li Y, Wang T, Siegrist J: Stressful psychosocial school environment and suicidal ideation in Chinese adolescents. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2013.

Mäki, K., Vahtera, J., Virtanen, M., Elovainio, M. et al. (2008). Work stress and new-onset migraine in a female employee population. Cephalalgia, 28, 18-25.

Martinson, B., Anderson, M., Crain, A. and de Vries, R. (2006). Scientists' perceptions of organizational justice and self-reported misbehaviors. Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics, 1, 51-66.

McLinton, S. and Dollard, M. (2010). Work stress and driving anger in Japan. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 42, 174-181, doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2009.07.016  .

Neri, L., La Rocca, R., Gallieni, M., Brancaccio, D. et al. (2009). Occupational stress is associated with impaired work ability and reduced quality of life in patients with chronic kidney failure. The International Journal of Artificial Organs, 32, 291-298.

Ota, A., Masue, T., Yasuda, N., Tsutsumi, A. et al. (2009). Psychosocial job characteristics and insomnia: a prospective cohort study using the Demand-Control-Support (DCS) and Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) job stress models. Sleep Medicine, 10, 1112-1117, doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2009.03.005  .

Ota, A., Masue, T., Yasuda, N., Tsutsumi, A. et al. (2010). Psychosocial job characteristics and smoking cessation: a prospective cohort study using the Demand-Control-Support and Effort-Reward Imbalance job stress models. Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 12, 287-293, doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntp212  .

Pratt, M., Kerr, M. and Wong, C. (2009). The impact of ERI, burnout, and caring for SARS patients on hospital nurses' self-reported compliance with infection control. The Canadian Journal of Infection Control, 24, 167-172.

Radi, S., Ostry, A. and Lamontagne, A. (2007). Job stress and other working conditions: Relationships with smoking behaviors in a representative sample of working Australians. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 50 (8), 584-596.

Richter, P., Stoll, A. and Pfaff, H. (2007). Job Demand-Control and Effort-Reward Models, and Burnout in Hospitals. In Richter, P., Peiró, J. and Schaufeli, W. (Eds.), Psychosocial Resources in Health Care Systems, Rainer Hampp, pp. 111-124.

Rödel, A., Siegrist, J., Hessel, A. and Brähler, E. (2004). Fragebogen zur Messung beruflicher Gratifikationskrisen. Psychometrische Testung an einer repräsentativen deutschen Stichprobe. Zeitschrift für Differentielle und Diagnostische Psychologie, 25 (4), 227-238, doi: 10.1024/0170-1789.25.4.227  .

Rugulies, R., Norborg, M., Sørensen, T., Knudsen, L. and Burr, H. (2009). Effort-reward imbalance at work and risk of sleep disturbances. Cross-sectional and prospective results from the Danish Work Environment Cohort Study. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 66, 75-83, doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2008.05.005  .

Siegrist, J., Wahrendorf, M., Knesebeck, O., Jurges, H. and Börsch-Supan, A. (2006). Quality of work, well-being, and intended early retirement of older employees-baseline results from the SHARE Study. The European Journal of Public Health, 17 (1), 62-68.

Takaki, J., Minoura, A., Irimajiri, H., Hayama, A. et al. (2010). Interactive effects of job stress and body mass index on over-eating. Journal of Occupational Health, 52, 66-73.

Tei-Tominaga, M., Akiyama, T., Miyake, Y. and Sakai, Y. (2009). The relationship between temperament, job stress and overcommitment: a cross-sectional study using the TEMPS-A and a scale of ERI. Industrial Health, 47, 509-517.

Trudel, L., Vonarx, N., Simard, C., Freeman, A. et al. (2009). The adverse effects of psychosocial constraints at work: a participatory study to orient prevention to mitigate psychological distress. Work, 34, 345-357, doi: 10.3233/WOR-2009-0933  .

Tsai, F. and Chan, C. (2010). Occupational stress and burnout of judges and procurators. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 83, 133-142, doi: 10.1007/s00420-009-0454-1  .

Tsai, F., Huang, W. and Chan, C. (2009). Occupational Stress and Burnout of Lawyers. Journal of Occupational Health, 51 (5), 445-450.

Unterbrink, T., Hack, A., Pfeifer, R., Buhl-Greißhaber, V. et al. (2007). Burnout and effort-reward-imbalance in a sample of 949 German teachers. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 80, 433-441, doi: 10.1007/s00420-007-0169-0  .

Wada, K., Sakata, Y., Theriault, G., Aratake, Y. et al. (2007). Effort-reward imbalance and social support are associated with chronic fatigue among medical residents in Japan. International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health, 81, 331-336.

Zhou, M., Wege, N., Gu, H., Shang, L., Li, J. and Siegrist, J. (2010). Work and Family Stress is Associated with Menstrual Disorders but not with Fibrocystic Changes: Cross-sectional Findings in Chinese Working Women. Journal of Occupational Health, 52 (6), 361-366

Zurlo, M.; Pes, D. (2012): Effort-Reward Imbalance e salute psicofisica degli insegnanti. In: Giornale Italiano di Medicina del Lavoro ed Ergonomia (34(2)), S. B81-B87.